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July 25, 2022One-way bearing, also known as one-way clutch, is also the basic part of mechanical transmission that can only transmit in one direction (clockwise or counterclockwise).
When the power source drives the passive element, it can only drive in one direction. If the power source changes direction. (For example, clockwise becomes counterclockwise). Passive elements are automatically disengaged from functions that do not produce any power transmission.
Two movement modes of one-way bearing: torque transmission or connection (wedge), idling or overrun (release)
One-way bearing (one-way clutch) has the following functions:
1. Beyond
When the power output part (inner ring or outer ring) of the one-way bearing rotates faster than the power source (outer ring or inner ring), the clutch is in a disengaged state, and the inner and outer rings do not have any linkage relationship. to the transcendence function.
2. Positioning (grading)
Convert the linear reciprocating motion into the circular stepping motion of the rotating shaft. This is called the indexing function of the one-way bearing.
3. Backstop
Use one-way bearings for material conveying equipment (such as belt conveyors, bucket elevators, etc.). To prevent the equipment from backing up or reversing when there is no power source. This is called the one-way backstop function of the one-way bearing.
The principle of one-way clutch technology
The basic forms are:
Roller type one-way bearing (one-way clutch)
The roller type one-way bearing is supported by cylindrical rollers between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the inner ring is equipped with a spring-loaded surface pin. A continuous thrust is generated by the ejector pin, and the roller is squeezed out to form the contact structure of the outer ring, the inner ring and the roller as shown in the figure below. Since the contact between the rollers and the inner ring and the outer ring is continuous and uninterrupted, it can respond and transmit torque force immediately. This roller type design is robust and reliable for a wide range of applications. Such as overrun speed off stage, positioning stage off stage or prevent reverse stage off stage. (pictured).
Wedge type one-way bearing (one-way clutch)
The inner ring and outer ring of this type of one-way clutch are cylindrical annular surfaces, the wedge is arranged in the retainer to support the inner and outer rings, and the torque and idle rotation are achieved according to the relative movement of the wedge and the inner and outer rings. This type can design various forms of wedges and retainers to meet different characteristic requirements. It is characterized by large transmission torque and long service life (as shown in the figure)
Non-contact one-way bearing (one-way clutch)
The characteristic of this type of design is that the wedge block is fixed in the wedge block cage, and the wedge block cage is combined with the ring body (such as inner ring or outer ring) of super running speed. Centrifugal force will be generated when the wedge cage and the wedge that are connected with the inner ring or the outer ring rotate, and this centrifugal force will cancel or increase the force of the wedge spring. In this way, the wedge is re-rotated by an angle in the direction of centrifugal force, and the inner ring and the outer ring are kept in a non-contact state with the wedge. be extended (pictured).
